It has been updated and republished to reflect the changes in iOS 16.4. Note: We originally published this post on January 25, 2023. With duplicate detection, I’m confident that our new unified library doesn’t contain 12 copies of that one picture of our dog we both like, or two full sets of all our wedding photos taking up space. My wife and I turned on our shared library, but of course, both of our personal libraries were littered with the same pictures we sent to each other in the years before this feature. The ability to delete duplicate photos was necessary for Apple to properly implement iCloud Shared Photo Library (a feature I fully recommend looking into for families and close friends). Plus, it needs to figure out if you’ve made edits to a copy of a photo, and determine which one you might want to keep.
A reason not to use heic is if you need to view your photos in a non supporting application like Plex.Duplicate detection can’t just compare superficial data like file size or resolution - it needs to check if you have both a full-quality and a lower-quality copy of the same image. In a new support document, Apple has clarified that for the Duplicates album to appear, your iPhone has to first index the photo library and find duplicates, but that this detection process. As far as I’m concerned it’s far superior to jpg and I’ve converted my library and reclaimed 75% disk space. With jpgs, undo information needs to be stored in Photos’ database. Unlike jpg, HEIC also can store more than one image, so if you have your phone set to shoot photos in HEIC, you get a single file for burst and live photos rather than a boatload of individual jpg files as when your phone is set to “compatible mode (jpg)” HEIC also stores adjustments,crops, and changes right in the file itself, so any changes you make are non destructive and can be reversed.
HEIC also stores more color depth (16 bit) as opposed to 8 bit for jpgs. It has the ability to compress to at least half the size often times more with no loss of apparent quality.
Since none of the smart people answered, I’ll simply say that heic uses a more modern and efficient compression algorithm than jpg.
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